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Artificial intelligence and natural language processing in modern clinical neuropsychology: A narrative review

Learning Objectives:

1. Assess the incremental diagnostic value of specific Natural Language Processing (NLP)-derived biomarkers compared to traditional neuropsychological tests in the context of neurodegenerative disorders.

2. Critique the primary limitations of current NLP models in neuropsychology, focusing on algorithmic bias related to social determinants of health, data representativeness, and key ethical considerations for clinical implementation.

Wolff, B. (2025). Artificial intelligence and natural language processing in modern clinical neuropsychology: A narrative review. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2025.2547934

Montefiore Einstein Robust Geriatric Normative Project (MERGER-NP): Base rates of score discrepancies, cognitive dispersion, and impairment thresholds on the RBANS and select neuropsychological tests

Learning Objectives:

1. Apply multivariate base rates from MERGER-NP to interpret score discrepancies, cognitive dispersion (ISD and CoV), and the frequency of low scores, distinguishing typical variability from clinically significant patterns in older adults.

2. Evaluate the diagnostic utility and limitations of dispersion and low-score indices for identifying mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Freilich, B. M., & Holtzer, R. (2025). Montefiore Einstein Robust Geriatric Normative Project (MERGER-NP): Base rates of score discrepancies, cognitive dispersion, and impairment thresholds on the RBANS and select neuropsychological tests. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2025.2547932

Prevailing theories describing sports-related concussion symptom reporting intent and behavior among adolescent athletes: a scoping review

Learning Objectives:

1. Describe prevailing theories for concussion symptom reporting intent and behavior among adolescent athletes.

2. Explain the limitations of current theories and important future directions for concussion education program development.

Goodwin, G. J., Evangelista, N. D., Ozturk, E. D., Kaseda, E. T., & Merritt, V. C. (2024). Prevailing theories describing sports-related concussion symptom reporting intent and behavior among adolescent athletes: a scoping review. Child Neuropsychology, 31(6), 908–947. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2024.2446291

NIH Toolbox for assessment of neurocognitive, motor and emotional-behavioral function in childhood: a systematic review

Learning Objectives:

1. Evaluate the evidence for the validity and reliability of the NIH Toolbox Motor, Cognition, and Emotion Batteries in children aged 3-17 years.

2. Explain how socioeconomic status and age-related changes affect test-retest reliability and construct validity of NIH Toolbox assessments in children.

Wei, X., McKinlay, C. J. D., Harding, J. E., Wouldes, T. A., Rogers, J., Brown, G. T. L., & Franke, N. (2024). NIH Toolbox for assessment of neurocognitive, motor and emotional-behavioral function in childhood: a systematic review. Child Neuropsychology, 31(6), 948–983. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2024.2447444

Evaluating evidence for a neuropsychological toolkit to predict cognitive decline in PD: A systematic review

Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the purpose of a novel neuropsychological toolkit for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD).

2. Evaluate the evidence supporting the use of the toolkit in predicting cognitive decline in people with PD.

Pourzinal, D., King, J., Sivakumaran, K., Yang, J., McCann, E., Mitchell, L. K., … Dissanayaka, N. N. (2025). Evaluating evidence for a neuropsychological toolkit to predict cognitive decline in PD: A systematic review. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2025.2511966

Sensory processing, executive function, and behavior in children with ADHD

Learning Objectives:

1. Describe the relationship between sensory processing, executive function, and behavior in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

2. Explore the mediating role of executive function in the relationship between sensory processing and behavioral problems in children with ADHD.

Owen, A., Cruz, S., Pozo-Rodriguez, M., Conde-Pumpido, S., Tubío-Fungueiriño, M., Sampaio, A., … Fernández-Prieto, M. (2024). Sensory processing, executive function, and behavior in children with ADHD. Child Neuropsychology, 31(4), 546–563. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2024.2414875

Learning from those who thrive: protective factors and neuroimaging markers in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease and with a favorable neurodevelopmental profile

Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the neurodevelopmental outcomes and associated protective factors in children with complex congenital heart disease.

2. Identify the neuroimaging markers linked to positive neurodevelopmental profiles in this population.

Ehrler, M., O’Gorman, R., Wehrle, F. M., Speckert, A., Jakab, A., Kretschmar, O., & Latal, B. (2024). Learning from those who thrive: protective factors and neuroimaging markers in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease and with a favorable neurodevelopmental profile. Child Neuropsychology, 31(4), 613–634. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2024.2419048

The mathematical word problem-solving performance gap between children with and without math difficulties: does working memory mediate and/or moderate treatment effects?

Learning Objectives:

1. Describe the extent to which working memory moderated and/or mediated strategy treatment outcomes for children with and without math disabilities.

2. Describe several different interpretations regarding the role of working memory on mathematical word problem performance.

Swanson, H. L., Orosco, M. J., & Reed, D. K. (2024). The mathematical word problem-solving performance gap between children with and without math difficulties: does working memory mediate and/or moderate treatment effects? Child Neuropsychology, 31(3), 391–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2024.2382202

Cross-Cultural Tele-neuropsychology: The Use of Cultural Consultation and Interpretation Services to Improve Access for Patients and Trainees

Learning Objectives:

1. Understand how cultural consultation and interpretation services can improve tele-neuropsychological services for culturally and linguistically diverse patients.

2. Describe steps for conducting a tele-neuropsychological evaluation with a culturally diverse patient and important considerations at each step.

Lee, A. J., Lipio Brothers, S., Mesa, H., Judd, T., & Nguyen, C. M. (2025). Cross-cultural tele-neuropsychology: the use of cultural consultation and interpretation services to improve access for patients and trainees. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2025.2474274

Mayo Normative Studies: regression-based normative data for remote self-administration of the Stricker Learning Span, Symbols Test and Mayo Test Drive Screening Battery Composite and validation in individuals with MCI and dementia

Learning Objectives:

1. Describe factors that may influence performance on self-administered digital cognitive measures in remote settings, including both digital-specific and traditional variables, and evaluate their implications for normative data development.

2. List potential applications of remote self-administered digital cognitive measures for neuropsychological assessment and describe how they can supplement in-person or telehealth evaluations.

Stricker, N. H., Frank, R. D., Boots, E. A., Fan, W. Z., Christianson, T. J., Kremers, W. K., … Petersen, R. C. (2025). Mayo Normative Studies: regression-based normative data for remote self-administration of the Stricker Learning Span, Symbols Test, and Mayo Test Drive Screening Battery Composite and validation in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2025.2469340